An integrated approach to analysing the cost efficiency of postal networks

An integrated approach to measure the cost efficiency of the postal network of Universal Service Provider is proposed. An integrated approach enables the measurement of cost efficiency for delivery and non-delivery postal network units. The proposed approach is verified and tested on the postal network of the selected provider and the results were derived by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results show that the main sources of inefficiency are inadequate allocation of resources relative to the network units. In addition, the study indicates that economies of scale have a positive impact on the efficiency of postal network units.     

游戏机手柄热流道立式注塑4层叠层注塑模设计

设计了一种4层叠层模用于实现游戏机手柄的高效率注塑生产，解决了塑件成型时在保证塑件成型精度的基础上，单次注塑量产数量4倍倍增难题。4层叠层模的结构由4层结构相同的单层模具通过一定的空间组序排列组装后，应用立式注塑机来进行注射成型。单层模结构设计采用两板式2次开模热流道浇注两板模形式，第一次开模用于热流道嘴与塑件的冷流道部分分离，第二次开模用于塑件从型腔镶件中脱模脱出。为解决单层模做4层叠层组合后，顶出板无动力顶出的问题，在单层模的模架模板侧边对称设置了拉杆，将单层模在开模动力转化为单层模中顶出板的顶出拉力，巧妙地解决了单层模做4层叠层安装后各单层模的顶出元件顶出板无推动力的问题。模具结构布局及机构的驱动设置设计合理，有较好的工程设计参考意义。     

High recoverable energy storage density and large energy efficiency simultaneously achieved in BaTiO3–Bi(Zn1/2Zr1/2)O3 relaxor ferroelectrics

Relaxor ferroelectrics have attracted much attention as electric energy storage materials for intermittent energy storage because of their high saturated polarization, near-zero remnant polarizations, and considerable dielectric breakdown strength (BDS). Despite the numerous efforts, the dielectric energy storage performance of relaxor ferroelectric ceramics is incomplete or unsatisfactory. The enhancement of recoverable energy storage density W_rec usually accompanies with the sacrifice of discharge-to-charge energy efficiency η; therefore, it is an important issue to achieve high recoverable W_rec and large efficiency η simultaneously. In this work, the (1-x)BaTiO₃-xBi(Zn_1/2Zr_1/2)O₃ (abbreviated as BT-100xBZZ, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) ferroelectric ceramics were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction method. The phase structure, microstructural morphology, dielectric and ferroelectric properties, relaxation behaviors, and energy storage properties of BT-BZZ ceramics were investigated in detail. X-ray powder diffraction, dielectric spectra, and ferroelectric properties confirm the transformation of tetragonal phase for normal ferroelectrics (BT) to pseudo-cubic phase for relaxor ferroelectrics (BT-8BZZ). A high recoverable energy storage density W_rec of 2.47 J/cm³ and a large energy efficiency η of 94.4% are simultaneously achieved in the composition of BT-12BZZ, which presents typical weakly coupled relaxor ferroelectric characteristics, with an activation energy E_a of 0.21 eV and a freezing temperature T_f of 139.7 K. Such excellent energy storage performance suggests that relaxor ferroelectric BT-12BZZ ceramics are promising dielectric energy storage materials for high-power pulsed capacitors.     

内热型超声雾化溶液再生系统最优内热量的研究

基于质量守恒、能量守恒定律，建立了内热型超声雾化溶液再生系统（IH-UARS）的再生性能预测模型并进行了充分的实验验证，通过研究不同内热量下IH-UARS的再生性能及其变化规律，寻求系统所需的最佳内热量并明确其可能的影响因素。结果表明：IH-UARS系统存在最优的内热量范围，使其再生系统性能最佳；所需最优内热量随着再生溶液流量增大呈显著的对数增长，但受空气流量的影响较弱；在该研究中的标准工况下，IH-UARS所需最优内热量约为275~350 W。此外研究发现：内热量的增长有益于促进初始浓度较高的溶液进一步浓缩再生，如当IH-UARS中内热量增至800 W时，其初始浓度为36%的溶液比24%的溶液浓度增量指标改善幅度高37%。研究所得结果可对提高溶液再生性能及经济性提供积极参考。     

水资源质量分析评价系统构建与效益浅析

水资源质量分析评价系统以大幅度提升日常工作效率为出发点,以原始监测数据分析为基础,动态生成多种分析报表、统计报表,同时增加关注信息展示,大量减轻日常统计工作,基本实现水质分析统计业务的自动化。系统具有良好的扩展性,有较长的生命周期。     

Relining efficiency and liner design for improved plant performance

Liners in grinding mills not only protect the mill shell from the aggressive environment inside the mill, but they also play a significant role in the efficiency of grinding. The design of mill liners dictates the charge trajectory and hence the grinding efficiency. The common approach in designing liners is designing for a longer life. However, this approach does not necessarily consider optimum performance over the liner life. It has been observed in many operations that mills under-perform over a significant portion of the liner life (10–25% of the liner life at the beginning and often 5–10% at the end). This paper extends the method proposed by Toor (2013) and Toor et al. (2013) to design liners for performance through investigating the effect of relining efficiency using such an approach in an industrial case.As indicated in the Toor et al. (2013) study, relining efficiency affects the benefits that can be realised by designing liners for efficiency. Russell Mineral Equipment’s Mill Reline Director (MRD) analyses the relining process and provides an accurate estimation of relining time for a given scenario. In this study, five different relining scenarios were simulated and compared against the reference reline (i.e. current liner design) to accurately estimate the time required for relining. This is the first study to demonstrate that incorporating relining constraints in the liner design can be used to inform liner design characteristics of a proper design that meets the requirements of an efficient relining practice.JKSimMet simulation for the industrial case predicts a liner which has same lifter face angle as the current liner design with reduced lifter height from 300 mm to 210 mm, could increase the plant throughput by 8% on average while producing a product with same P80 as the current liner. Considering relining time predictions by MRD for the proposed liner, this study predicts a 3.7% increase on average in throughput per annum. Although the proposed strategy will increase the cost of liners plus relining by 31.5% (i.e. A$ 548,000), the increase in plant throughput is estimated to yield A$ 20.1 M of additional revenue based on data for 12 months to 30 June 2014 from the plant quarterly report.     

黑龙江省节水增粮行动(2012—2015年)实施方案

文章通过对黑龙江省高效节水现状,存在问题的分析,结合黑龙江省高效节水发展的支撑能力,阐述黑龙江省节水增粮目标、任务及总体布局,为黑龙江省2012—2015年节水增粮实施提供依据。     

Optimal-correlation-based reconstruction for distributed compressed video sensing

Distributed compressed video sensing (DCVS) is a framework that integrates both compressed sensing and distributed video coding characteristics to achieve a low-complexity video coding. However, how to design an efficient joint reconstruction by leveraging more realistic signal models is still an open challenge. In this paper, we present a novel optimal-correlation-based reconstruction method for compressively sampled videos from multiple measurement vectors. In our method, the sparsity is mainly exploited through inter-signal correlations rather than the traditional frequency transform, wherein the optimization is not only over the signal space to satisfy data consistency but also over all possible linear correlation models to achieve minimum-l₁-norm correlation noise. Additionally, a two-phase Bregman iterative based algorithm is outlined for solving the optimization problem. Simulation results show that our proposal can achieve an improved reconstruction performance in comparison to the conventional approaches, and especially, offer a 0.7–9.9 dB gain in the average PSNR for DCVS.     

Design and experimental investigation of the high efficiency 1.5 W/4.2 K pneumatic-drive G-M cryocooler

The development of a high cooling power and high efficiency 4.2 K two stage G-M cryocooler is critically important given its broad applications in low temperature superconductors, MRI, infrared detector and cryogenic electronics. A high efficiency 1.5 W/4.2 K pneumatic-drive G-M cryocooler has recently been designed and developed by ARS. The effect of expansion volume rate and operation conditions on the cooling performance has been experimentally investigated. A typical cooling performance of 1.5 W/4.2 K has been achieved, and the minimum temperature of the second stage is 2.46 K. The steady input power of the compressor at 60 Hz is 6.8 kW, while the operation speed of the rotary valve is 30 rpm. A maximum cooling power of 1.75 W/4.2 K has been obtained in test runs.     

Gasification biochar as a valuable by-product for carbon sequestration and soil amendment

Thermal gasification of various biomass residues is a promising technology for combining bioenergy production with soil fertility management through the application of the resulting biochar as soil amendment. In this study, we investigated gasification biochar (GB) materials originating from two major global biomass fuels: straw gasification biochar (SGB) and wood gasification biochar (WGB), produced by a Low Temperature Circulating Fluidized Bed gasifier (LT-CFB) and a TwoStage gasifier, respectively, optimized for energy conversion. Stability of carbon in GB against microbial degradation was assessed in a short-term soil incubation study and compared to the traditional practice of direct incorporation of cereal straw. The GBs were chemically and physically characterized to evaluate their potential to improve soil quality parameters. After 110 days of incubation, about 3% of the added GB carbon was respired as CO₂, compared to 80% of the straw carbon added. The stability of GB was also confirmed by low H/C and O/C atomic ratios with lowest values for WGB (H/C 0.12 and O/C 0.10). The soil application of GBs exhibited a liming effect increasing the soil pH from ca 8 to 9. Results from scanning electron microscopy and BET analyses showed high porosity and specific surface area of both GBs, indicating a high potential to increase important soil quality parameters such as soil structure, nutrient and water retention, especially for WGB. These results seem promising regarding the possibility to combine an efficient bioenergy production with various soil aspects such as carbon sequestration and soil quality improvements.